Preheat your oven to 375°F. Line a standard 12-cup muffin tin with paper or foil cupcake liners. Set aside.
In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, salt, cornstarch, and lemon zest until well combined with no lumps.
In a separate medium bowl, whisk together the melted butter, eggs, sourdough discard, sour cream, and vanilla extract until smooth and well combined.
Toss the blueberries with 1 tablespoon of the measured flour to coat them — this prevents them from sinking to the bottom of the muffins.
Pour the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients. Using a rubber spatula, gently fold until just combined — a few streaks of flour are fine. Do not overmix. Gently fold in the flour-coated blueberries.
Divide the batter evenly among the 12 prepared muffin cups, filling each about two-thirds full. An ice cream scoop makes this easy.
Retrieve the crumb topping from the refrigerator. Generously sprinkle it over the top of each muffin and gently press so it adheres.
Bake for 30–35 minutes, until the tops are golden brown and a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean. Cool in the tin for 5–10 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack.